The DECAPH project addresses fundamental aspects of cognitive computing introducing a disruptive architecture that mimics in more detail the actual operations that are performed in the brain. By mimicking such neuron structures in hardware platforms and investigating dendritic-based computational functionalities we plan to develop advanced cognitive computing schemes with the potential to tackle some of the crucial societal problems in a fast, flexible and energy-efficient manner. Such concepts when transferred to high-performance technological platforms for computing may result in disruptive methodologies that may even alter the ways we perform currently cognitive computing and artificial intelligence assisted tasks. Photonic information processing has been revived lately with various techniques that offer computational capabilities related to time-series prediction, pattern classification, and decision making. In the context of DECAPH, we will mimic optical dendritic structures inspired by a neuron dendritic tree - for addressing computing tasks. Optical fiber configurations offer the flexibility and technological maturity to implement such structures in hardware. Multiple spatially separated optical signals can be linearly or nonlinearly coupled, with on-demand induced time delays, using the previously mentioned fiber types. Therefore, photonic systems based on fiber-optics represent a promising and flexible platform for developing and implementing dendritic topologies for computing purposes. Employing single-mode-fiber-based topologies, optical dendritic units can be implemented by realizing multiple individual paths in order to build a coincidence-detection system. By exploiting the previous expertise on optical signal processing with fiber-based topologies, the IFISC groups will address the concepts of dendritic-tree computing, numerically and experimentally, initially on a unit level and eventually on a network level. The project itself targets multidisciplinary goals that include: the expansion of the simple computational numerical models that describe the basic functionalities of a neuron by taking into account the dendritic structure including internal plasticity and nonlinear processes; the extension of the computational paradigm of a dendritic-based neuron unit to a network of units for complex functionalities on information processing; the implementation of an optical computing platform based on single-mode fibers that will mimic a dendritic structure that will include also plasticity rules on the synaptic behavior of each dendrite; the implementation of a fiber-based dendritic-tree computing prototype with the ability to demonstrate adaptive integration functions and the potential to implement ultrafast optical information processing.
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