Food Webs as Multilayer Networks

Our understanding of food webs has greatly advanced during the last decade mostly fueled by a better integration and accuracy of the data. Connecting evolutionary to ecological processes in food webs remains challenging and requires the accommodation of different levels of biological organization, accounting for information processing traits, spatiotemporal processes, and novel methods, such as multilayer networks or hypergraphs. Existing challenges include deciphering the drivers of trait changes in eco-evolutionary interactions and the extent to which such trait changes are governed by feedbacks occurring within or between different biological levels like within organisms, populations and between populations along biotic and abiotic spatial gradients