This project is aimed at the exploration of the potential of delay-coupled semiconductor lasers for high-bit-rate random number generation and secure key distribution. These applications of chaos have a high potential to be utilized in communication technology, quantum cryptography systems and more. Our approach is based on fibre-coupling configurations of semicondctor lasers, allowing the flexibility to realize different topologies. In a joint approach of modelling and experiments we will tailor the properties of the chaotic dynamics and the synchronization as required for the applications. The laser-based approach is complemented by studies on electronic circuits which help to identify the most robust topologies.