We numerically show that chaos shift keying (CSK) encryption can be achieved by using a single receiver, thus providing a better performance when comparing with the traditional CSK scheme based on two receivers. We analyze the rate equation model for two unidirectionally coupled single-mode external-cavity semiconductor lasers operating in a chaotic regime. The message is encoded in the emitter by slightly varying its injection current. We find that under appropriate conditions, the receiver laser synchronizes to the chaotic emitter, filtering the encoded message and allowing message extraction.