We present here a number of processes, inspired by concepts in Nonlinear Dynamics such as chaotic advection and excitability, that can be
useful to understand generic behaviors in chemical or biological systems in fluid flows. Emphasis is put on the description of observed plankton patchiness in the sea.
The linearly decaying tracer, and excitable kinetics in a chaotic flow are mainly the models described.
Finally, some warnings are given about the difficulties in modeling discrete individuals (such as planktonic organisms) in
terms of continuous concentration fields.
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