The information that we receive through our sensory system (e.g. auditory, visual, tactile, etc), needs to be transmitted to different regions of the brain for its processing. These different regions may be directly connected together by axonal fibers. Due to the latency in the communication between different regions, it is possible that they synchronize in phase or out of phase, or even not synchronize. These types of synchronization, when occur, may have important consequences on information transmission and processing.
Multielctrical recordings have revealed zero-lag synchronization among remote cortical areas. This phenomenon has been observed across different species with different brain sizes. Therefore, this requires a generic mechanism for generating zero-time lag long-distance cortical synchrony maintaining the functionality independently of axonal lengths/delays.
Here, we introduce a model that consists of three mutually coupled neural populations (v-motif) with a delay in their connections. These populations could represent two different cortex areas mediated by the thalamus. This model exhibits zero-lag synchronization in its dynamics and we try to address the question of how the information can be processed and transmitted under this condition.
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